GP crisis blamed for exacerbating Strep A outbreak in Britain
GP appointment crisis may be fuelling UK’s unusually bad Strep A outbreak, expert claims with death toll currently at 16
- EXCLUSIVE: Strep A has sickened hundreds of children in UK and killed 16
- Health chiefs point to the pandemic for leaving children more susceptible
- But an expert has told MailOnline that the crisis in general practice is to blame
Parents struggling to get GP appointments could be fuelling Britain’s unusually bad Strep A outbreak, according to one expert.
Sixteen kids have already died this winter from a deadly complication of the usually-harmless bug. Although low, health chiefs say the toll is higher than expected.
Officials have blamed lockdown restrictions for interrupting the spread of Strep A bacteria and other viruses, leaving more children susceptible to catching it and becoming more poorly.
But Professor Tony Brookes, a health data expert based at Leicester University, argued the rise – seemingly only spotted in the UK so far – would be seen ‘in most countries’ if pandemic-era curbs were to blame. Instead, he claimed that a lack of access to family doctors in the UK may have contributed.
NHS Digital data for England in October shows more patients were seen face-to-face since Covid first hit the UK (71.3 per cent). Officials have told doctors to see more patients in-person over concerns about missed diagnoses
However, NHS Digital data also reveals that just 44 per cent appointments in October were with a GP — the lowest proportion since the pandemic began. The majority of appointments were with other practice staff, such as a nurse, health visitor or physiotherapist
Rachel Curtis (pictured), from Northumberland, drove to four towns in one night in search for antibiotics after doctors prescribed them for her daughter Betsy’s chest infection
A mother has told how her disabled five-year-old daughter was left without antibiotics because pharmacies were ‘out of stock’ amid the Strep A outbreaks.
Rachel Curtis, from Northumberland, drove to four towns in one night in search for them after doctors prescribed them for her daughter Betsy’s chest infection.
Betsy — who has Down’s Syndrome — has a history of pneumonia and bronchitis needed the treatment urgently.
She became unwell on November 30, so Ms Curtis, 40, took her to a walk-in centre. Medics then sent her to A&E, where she faced a six hour-wait.
She was given an inhaler but continued to deteriorate. The following week, doctors prescribed her clarithromycin — an antibiotics also used to treat Strep A.
Ms Curtis said: ‘I drove back home to the pharmacy who didn’t have any in stock and by this time many were closing.
‘I then drove to a big ASDA in Ashington, where there was a big queue.
‘A woman in front of me burst into tears because they had a shortage of antibiotics and her son ‘couldn’t breathe’.’
She eventually tracked some down, one day after Betsy was prescribed the medication.
Ms Curtis said: ‘Thankfully, my parents had called around multiple pharmacies to check for the antibiotic and one had a bottle left.
‘This was over 24-hrs after my child had been prescribed it.’
Millions have struggled to get a GP appointments over the past few years, especially face-to-face.
Millions have struggled to get a GP appointments over the past few years, especially face-to-face. Family doctors have said their workloads are ‘intolerable’.
Professor Brookes, who is also vice president of the Human Variome Project, told MailOnline: ‘It is quite possible that the underlying reason for the current problem is the difficulty people have in getting these cases in front of a GP quickly enough.
‘There may be no actual change in the pathogen or people’s immune systems compared to a few years ago.’
He said if people had low immunity due to Covid restrictions then the surge in Strep A ‘would be happening in most countries’.
Professor Brookes said: ‘It’s perhaps due to the pathogen becoming more virulent or more likely our lack of access to GPs and healthcare.’
‘Get GP surgeries open again and many of our current healthcare problems will go away,’ he added.
Dr Simon Clarke, a microbiologist based at the University of Reading, told MailOnline that reduced access to GPs ‘could conceivably make it more difficult’ to manage severe infections.
However, Professor Paul Hunter, an epidemiologist at the University of East Anglia, told MailOnline that delayed access to GPs ‘will do little if anything to drive the current epidemic’.
However, he noted that if children with Strep A are becoming more ill and struggling to get an appointment then ‘this could delay the opportunity to prevent further deterioration and increase the risk of death’.
Latest GP appointment data shows family doctors, who earn an average of £110,000, held 32million appointments in October — the most since the pandemic began.
And the proportion of patients seen in-person bounced back to its highest level since March 2020, when the UK was plunged into its first national lockdown.
Seven in 10 consultations in England were face-to-face in October.
The rate dropped as low as four in 10 during the early days of the pandemic, as Britons were told to stay at home to limit the spread of the virus.
Despite 80 per cent of patients being seen in-person pre-Covid, top doctors have suggested the figure may never return to this level.
Officials had told GPs to see more patients in-person to boost access, reduce the risk of missed diagnoses and tackle disparities across the country.
The surge in cases and resulting fears has left the NHS in ‘meltdown’, with parents of sick children swamping GP practices, A&E units and 111 call centres.
This is on top of normal winter pressures — which sees extra demand due to the cold weather and flu every year — and more patients needing NHS care due to spikes in flu and RSV.
Doctors have warned of surgeries being deluged by worried parents and struggling to cope on top of existing patient demand.
Doctors have warned of surgeries being deluged by worried parents and struggling to cope on top of existing patient demand, which, Labour analysis suggests, has seen hundreds of thousands give up in their attempts to bag an appointment.
In turn, parents have told of their child’s Strep A becoming more severe after GPs didn’t spot it at an appointment.
One mother, Diana Best, even told how she was forced to seek out a private doctor after her child developed a rash and sore throat, as there was no GP appointments available. The private medic confirmed that it was Strep A.
Dr Kieran Sharrock, BMA GP committee deputy chair, told MailOnline: ‘It is not the case of “getting GP surgeries open”.
‘GP surgeries are open, and providing record numbers of appointments, with practices in England booking 32million in October – 2million more than the same month in 2019 before the pandemic.
‘But even then, demand is still exceeding capacity, with simply not enough staff. We have lost the equivalent of almost 1,900 full-time fully qualified GPs since 2015, and almost 390 in the last year alone.
He added: ‘For dedicated GPs and practice staff reading this kind of ignorance and unsubstantiated finger-pointing – on a Monday morning when they’ll already be dealing with a huge number of patients after spending half of their Sunday trying to get a head start to the week – it will be hugely demoralising, having a massive impact on their wellbeing and pushing more of them towards the door.
‘If we want more capacity in general practice, we need to hang on to every GP we have, not attack them on a daily basis, forcing more to leave.
‘Of course, we understand the worries of parents and guardians about Strep A, and while in the vast majority of cases it does not result in a serious condition, if they have any concerns about their child they should continue to contact NHS 111 or consult the NHS website, and they will be directed, if necessary, to an appropriate service, including their GP practice.’
The map shows the rate of iGAS per 100,000 people in England between September 12 and December 4. Rates were highest in Yorkshire (1.8) and the South East (1.4)
What are the symptoms of Strep A? How does it spread? And is it the same as scarlet fever? Everything you need to know about the killer bug sweeping Britain
What is Strep A?
Group A Streptococcus (Group A Strep or Strep A) bacteria can cause many different infections.
The bacteria are commonly found in the throat and on the skin, and some people have no symptoms.
Infections caused by Strep A range from minor illnesses to serious and deadly diseases.
They include the skin infection impetigo, scarlet fever and strep throat.
While the vast majority of infections are relatively mild, sometimes the bacteria cause an illness called invasive Group A Streptococcal disease.
What is invasive Group A Streptococcal disease?
Invasive Group A Strep disease is sometimes a life-threatening infection in which the bacteria have invaded parts of the body, such as the blood, deep muscle or lungs.
Two of the most severe, but rare, forms of invasive disease are necrotising fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Necrotising fasciitis is also known as the ‘flesh-eating disease’ and can occur if a wound gets infected.
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome is a rapidly progressing infection causing low blood pressure/shock and damage to organs such as the kidneys, liver and lungs.
This type of toxic shock has a high death rate.
READ MAILONLINE’S FULL Q&A ON STREP A.
Strep A bacteria can cause a myriad of infections, including impetigo, scarlet fever and strep throat.
While the vast majority of infections are relatively mild, sometimes the bacteria can cause invasive Group A Streptococcal (iGAS).
Two of the most severe forms are necrotising fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, which can carry high mortality rates.
Bosses at the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), which is monitoring the outbreak, said there is usually a surge in iGAS cases every three to four years.
But social distancing during Covid ‘may have interrupted this cycle and explain the current increase’. It said: ‘The increase is likely to reflect increased susceptibility to these infections in children due to low numbers of cases during the pandemic.’
UKHSA data suggests five times as many infants have been struck down this winter, compared to this point in the last bad year. However, the wave began earlier this year and prevalence has not yet surpassed the peak of usual winters.
High rates of other respiratory viruses — including flu, RSV and norovirus — may be putting children at higher risk of co-infections with Strep A, leaving them more susceptible to severe illness, the UKHSA also suggested.
There is no evidence that a new strain of iGAS is behind the outbreak but scientists are investigating what other factors could be behind the spike.
It comes as parents across the UK face difficulties getting antibiotics for sick children amid the Strep A outbreak.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin, amoxicillin and clarithromycin are three antibiotics used to treat Strep A infections. Children are usually given them as a syrup.
Health chiefs have advised doctors to have a ‘low threshold’ for prescribing these to youngsters who have suspected Strep A.
But a Mail on Sunday survey of chemists from Truro to Glasgow yesterday found that most had no or very low supplies of liquid penicillin. Pharmacies are now asking GPs for fresh prescriptions for tablets they can crush up.
It contrasts with the message in recent days from officials, who have repeatedly stated there is no supplier shortage.
One pharmacists in Cardiff said the medicine had been ‘flying off the shelves’, adding: ‘We ran out last week and have no idea when we’ll get more.’
A Sheffield chemist insisted: ‘There is a national shortage – despite what the Government says.’
Another in Maidstone, Kent, said: ‘We haven’t had any for weeks. Our warehouse can’t get it.’
One father told the BBC he called 17 pharmacies before he found it in stock.
On top of the shortage, pharmacists claim wholesalers are inflating prices.
The cost of amoxicillin syrup rose more than fourfold in a month, one East of England chemist said, providing screenshots showing a 100ml bottle at a strength for older children was £2.49 in mid-November but £11.22 now.
The NHS pays pharmacies £2.69 to dispense it.
A simple saliva or nasal swab could confirm a Strep A infection ‘before waiting for it to progress’ or rule out the bug, easing parent worries, virologist Dr Nicole Robb said
The UKHSA has logged 6,601 cases of scarlet fever — which is caused by Strep A — between September 12 and December 4 (green line). For comparison, just 2,538 cases had been reported by this point in 2017/18 (thin blue line), which was considered a ‘bad’ season
Between September 12 and December 4, the UKHSA was notified of 659 iGAS cases (grey line). Rates are currently higher than the previous five winters
SO SHOULD YOU TAKE YOUR CHILD TO A&E OR A GP?
Fears over Strep A infections in children come as several of winter bugs with similar symptoms are also in active circulation.
While most will resolve without the need for any serious medical intervention, for worried parents the official advice on when, and from whom, to seek help is the following:
As a parent, if you feel that your child seems seriously unwell, you should trust your own judgement.
You should contact NHS 111 or your GP if:
- your is sick and is getting worse
- your child is feeding or eating much less than normal
- your child has had a dry nappy for 12 hours or more or shows other signs of dehydration
- your baby is under 3 months and has a temperature of 38°C, or is older than 3 months and has a temperature of 39°C or higher
- your baby feels hotter than usual when you touch their back or chest, or feels sweaty
- your child is very tired or irritable
You should call 999 or go to straight to A&E if:
- your child is having difficulty breathing – you may notice grunting noises or their tummy sucking under their ribs
- there are pauses when your child breathes
- your child’s skin, tongue or lips are blue
- your child is floppy and will not wake up or stay awak
Midlands chemist Raza Ali said it was ‘profiteering’, adding that some pharmacists suspect wholesalers are hoarding stock to drive demand and raise prices.
Last Wednesday, the Healthcare Distribution Association, which represents wholesalers, said a ‘spike in demand’ was affecting supply.
The Department of Health said: ‘There is no supplier shortage of antibiotics to treat Strep A.
‘Increased demand means some pharmacies are having difficulties obtaining certain antibiotics.’
It comes as parents have been told not to ‘waste’ their cash on Covid-style lateral flow tests for Strep A, which are being touted online for more than £100.
There has been a surge in demand for the tests, which are not used by NHS England but are widely used in the US and available online.
But Dr Zoe Waterson, a GP in London, told The Telegraph parents shouldn’t bother with the tests – as their child would still need to be seen by the GP.
She said: ‘I don’t like it when private providers cash in on people’s anxiety like that.
‘They wrap it up as a nice way to ease your fears – but it’s just a money making scheme.’
However, experts told MailOnline last week the tests should be rolled out to detect the infection earlier, reduce the risk of severe illness and ease NHS pressures.
Dr Robb, also co-founder of health-tech firm Pictura Bio, said community testing, at home and in pharmacies, would take the ‘strain off GPs and hospitals’ and let people ‘rapidly test if they suspect Strep A’.
She said: ‘If your child has sore throat it’s likely to just be a mild infection — but in a very small number of cases it might be more serious.’
A simple saliva or nasal swab could confirm a Strep A infection ‘before waiting for it to progress’ or rule out the bug, easing parent worries.
Rapid and reliable testing could also see those with confirmed Strep A — or other winter bugs — stay at home and reduce transmission due to earlier detection, Dr Robb said.
‘It would also mean that less antibiotics are handed out ‘just in case’, and we keep them for illnesses that really require them, cutting antibiotic resistance,’ she said.
Dr Robb claimed such lateral flow style tests are already being trialled in some hospitals but it ‘needs to be accelerated’.
However, retailers, which sell the tests for as little as £1.90 a pop, are widely sold out online, including on Amazon and pharmacy websites — or have warnings that they will not be delivered until mid-January.
In other related news…
A five-year-old disabled girl, with tell-tale Strep A symptoms, was left without antibiotics for 24 hours after pharmacies were left ‘out of stock’ amid outbreak
And a grandmother has warned of the unusual Strep A symptom she says parents should look out for.
From the ‘bubbly’ seven-year-old whose father desperately tried CPR to save, to the four-year-old who loved exploring: All the victims of Strep A so far
Muhammad Ibrahim Ali
The four-year-old boy attended Oakridge School and Nursery in High Wycombe, Bucks.
He died at home from a cardiac arrest in mid-November after contracting a Strep A infection.
He was prescribed antibiotics.
His mother Shabana Kousar told the Bucks Free Press: ‘The loss is great and nothing will replace that.
‘He was very helpful around the house and quite adventurous, he loved exploring and enjoyed the forest school, his best day was a Monday and said how Monday was the best day of the week.
Muhammad Ibrahim Ali, who attended Oakridge School and Nursery in High Wycombe, Bucks, died after contracting the bacterial infection
Hannah Roap
The ‘bubbly’ and ‘beautiful’ seven-year-old is the only child to have died from Strep A in Wales so far.
Her devastated parents told how their ‘hearts had broken into a million pieces’.
The first signs of the infection were mild, Hanna’s father Abul took his daughter to the GP after cough got worse overnight.
She was prescribed steroids and sent home, but she died less than 12 hours later.
Mr Roap recalled how he desperately tried to resuscitate his child: ‘She stopped breathing at 8pm but we were not immediately aware because she was sleeping.
‘I did CPR, I tried to revive her but it didn’t work. Paramedics arrived and continued the CPR but it was too late.’
Mr Roap said the family was ‘utterly devastated’ and awaiting answers from the hospital.
The family believe she might have lived if she was initially given antibiotics.
Hanna Roap, who attended Victoria Primary School in Penarth, Wales, died after contracting Strep A last month. Her family say they have been ‘traumatised’ by her death
Stella-Lily McCorkindale
Five-year-old Stella-Lily McCokindale is the ninth British child to have died following a Strep A infection, and the first in Northern Ireland.
She died on December 5 at Royal Belfast Hospital.
In a tribute on social media, her father Robert said the pair had ‘loved every minute’ of being together as they went on scooter and bike rides.
‘If prays, thoughts, feelings and love could of worked she would of walked out of that hospital holding her daddy’s hand,’ he said.
Stella attended Black Mountain Primary School, who said she was ‘a bright and talented little girl’ and described her death as a ‘tragic loss’.
Five-year-old Stella-Lily McCokindale who attended Black Mountain Primary School in Belfast died in early December after contracting Strep A
Four of the six other deaths include:
- An unidentified six-year-old pupil who attended Ashford Church of England Primary School in England in Surrey.
- A primary school pupil who attended St John’s School in Ealing, west London.
- A 12-year-old boy attending Colfe’s School in Lewisham, south east London.
- An unidentified child at Morelands Primary School in Waterlooville.
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